Alabama's official state fossil is the species Basilosaurus cetoides. The
basilosaurus is an extinct ancestor of today's whales. It dates from the late
Eocene period, about 50 - 30 million years ago, when Alabama was covered
with water. The whales were about fifty-five to seventy feet long and had
tails up to forty feet long.

Fossil remains of this gigantic whale were first found in Clarke County about
1833 and bones were later discovered in Choctaw and Washington Counties. In
1834 a complete skeleton of the sea creature was found on a plantation in
southwestern Alabama. The skeleton was identified by Dr. Richard Harlan,
who named it basilosaurus, which means "king of the lizards." Dr. Harlan first
thought the bones came from a giant marine reptile. Later other scientists
realized that the skeleton was really from a meat-eating member of the whale
family, and it received a new name, Zeuglodon cetiodes, which means "yoked tooth." Today you can see it described by both names,
Basilosaurus cetoides and Zeuglodon cetoides.

Many fossils have been recovered in Alabama. The two most complete skeletons
are located in the McWane Center in Birmingham and the Smithsonian Institution
in Washington, D.C.

In 1984 the legislature made the zeuglodon the state fossil.

Illustration by: Harrison Prince